Dental extraction, also known as tooth/teeth extraction, is the removal of a problematic tooth from its socket in the jawbone. There are several types of dental extractions including:
Simple extraction: This type of extraction is performed on a tooth that is visible in the mouth and can be removed using forceps. The dentist will first loosen the tooth with a tool called an elevator and then remove it with forceps.
Surgical extraction: A surgical extraction is more complex and is typically performed on teeth that are not easily accessible or have not fully erupted, such as impacted wisdom teeth. It may also be necessary if a tooth has broken off at the gum line or if the tooth is severely decayed or damaged. In a surgical extraction, the dentist or oral surgeon may need to make an incision in the gum tissue to access the tooth and may need to remove bone around the tooth or section the tooth into pieces for easier removal.
Dental extractions may be necessary for several reasons, including:
- Severe tooth decay or infection that cannot be treated with a root canal or other treatments
- Crowded teeth or a tooth that is blocking other teeth from coming in
- Periodontal (gum) disease that has loosened the tooth
- Impacted wisdom teeth that are causing pain, infection, or other problems
Before performing an extraction, the dentist will numb the area around the tooth with a local anesthetic to ensure that you do not feel any pain during the procedure. In some cases, sedation may also be used to help you relax. After the extraction, the dentist will provide instructions for caring for the extraction site to promote healing and prevent complications.